Artificial Intelligence

International Journal of Education and Learning Studies (IJELS), published by PT. Intelektiva Global Nusantara, recognizes the potential benefits of artificial intelligence (AI) and generative AI in research and scholarly communication. The journal requires responsible, transparent, and ethical AI use without replacing human intellectual contribution, academic judgment, or accountability.

Authors may use AI-assisted tools for legitimate scholarly and technical purposes, including:

• Grammar, spelling, language editing, and translation.
• Improving clarity, readability, and manuscript organization.
• Assisting with reference formatting, subject to verification of original sources.
• Supporting literature exploration, coding, or data analysis when methodologically appropriate and transparently reported.
• Providing research-related technical assistance under meaningful human supervision.

All AI-assisted outputs must be critically examined, verified, and revised by the authors.

• Listing AI tools as authors or co-authors.
• Submitting AI-generated content without meaningful intellectual involvement or verification by human authors.
• Fabricating references, citations, quotations, research data, findings, or ethical approval information.
• Producing misleading interpretations or conclusions unsupported by evidence.
• Manipulating research data, figures, or images in ways that misrepresent findings.
• Using AI to conceal plagiarism, duplicate publication, or other misconduct.
• Disclosing confidential, personal, or sensitive information to unauthorized AI services.

AI systems cannot meet the requirements for authorship because they cannot approve a manuscript, accept responsibility for its content, manage conflicts of interest, or respond to concerns about research integrity.

Human authors remain fully responsible for the originality, accuracy, validity, references, interpretations, conclusions, and ethical compliance of their manuscripts, including material developed with AI assistance.

Authors must disclose substantive generative AI use in a dedicated Declaration of AI Use section. The statement should identify the tool, provider, version where available, purpose of use, and the authors' verification and oversight.

Basic spelling, grammar, and punctuation checks that do not materially alter the manuscript do not require disclosure. However, substantive AI-assisted drafting, rewriting, analysis, or image generation must be disclosed.

When AI forms part of the research design, data processing, analysis, or interpretation, the methodology must describe its use in sufficient detail for scholarly evaluation and, where feasible, reproducibility.

Authors must protect participants' privacy, research confidentiality, copyright, and institutional data rights. Sensitive educational records and personally identifiable information must not be uploaded to external AI platforms without appropriate authorization and safeguards.

AI-generated or AI-modified figures must be accurately labeled and disclosed. Such materials must not be misrepresented as genuine research observations or empirical evidence.

Editors and reviewers must maintain manuscript confidentiality and must not upload unpublished manuscripts, reviewer reports, or editorial correspondence to external AI services without explicit authorization and appropriate safeguards.

Peer-review reports and editorial decisions must reflect independent human scholarly judgment. AI must not replace professional evaluation or responsibility.

The Editorial Board may request clarification, methodological documentation, original data, or information about AI use when credible concerns arise.

Automated AI-detection scores are not sufficient, on their own, to establish misconduct. Editorial decisions must consider verifiable evidence, author explanations, and the severity of any violation.

Where warranted, editorial actions may include requests for correction, manuscript rejection, withdrawal of acceptance, publication of an editorial notice, or retraction in accordance with the journal's publication ethics policies.

This policy takes account of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) and recognized scholarly publishing practices. It may be revised as AI technologies and publication ethics guidance develop.